Physiology Flashcards (Block 1.1)
23 free spaced-repetition flashcards for Physiology, Block 1.1: Biology Block: Cell and Hematology. Review what's due each day; works offline.
Cards in this deck
- On which chromosomes are the α-globin and β-globin gene clusters located?
- What is the subunit composition of adult hemoglobin (Hb A)?
- How many amino acids make up the α-globin and β-globin chains?
- What is the minor adult hemoglobin Hb A2, and roughly how much of total adult Hb does it make up?
- What are the three normal embryonic hemoglobins, and where are they made?
- When does fetal hemoglobin (Hb F) synthesis begin, and where?
- What triggers the postnatal switch from Hb F to Hb A?
- What is the genotype of Hb Bart's hydrops fetalis, and what hemoglobin dominates as a result?
- What is Hemoglobin H (Hb H) disease, genetically and structurally?
- What defines a 'silent carrier' of α-thalassemia?
- What defines α-thalassemia trait (minor), and why does the cis configuration matter clinically?
- What is the first step of heme biosynthesis, and which enzyme catalyzes it?
- What does ALA dehydratase do in heme synthesis?
- What is the final step of heme synthesis, and which enzyme performs it?
- What mutation causes sickle cell hemoglobin (Hb S)?
- What mutation causes Hemoglobin C, and how does it relate to Hb S?
- What mutation causes Hemoglobin E?
- What mutation produces Hb Constant Spring, and why is the resulting chain 172 amino acids long instead of 141?
- What characterizes Hb M variants functionally?
- In β-thalassemia, what's the difference between a β+ and a β0 mutation?
- What is δβ-thalassemia, and what Hb F level do heterozygotes typically show?
- How many heme groups and globin chains does one complete hemoglobin molecule contain?
- Which codon initiates translation, and what amino acid does it encode?